The primary challenge is the widespread smuggling of contraband, particularly cigarettes, along Malaysia's coastal and river regions. This illegal activity is difficult to track and intercept using traditional methods due to the vast and often remote areas involved. The integration of drone technology presents a solution, but challenges include ensuring reliable UAV coverage over large distances, handling environmental conditions, and maintaining surveillance continuity. Additionally, the technology must be effectively incorporated into the existing operations of the Jabatan Kastam DiRaja Malaysia (JKDM), requiring seamless coordination and secure data transmission for real-time monitoring.

The implementation of UAVs will significantly improve surveillance and enforcement capabilities, helping reduce smuggling activities. This solution will strengthen national security, enhance border control operations, and improve the efficiency of JKDM in combating illegal trade along Malaysia’s waterways and coastal areas.