A virtual RAN (vRAN) is a network architecture that virtualizes some or all of the functions of the radio access network (RAN) using software and cloud computing. A smart pole is a street pole that integrates multiple functions of individual street furniture, such as LED lighting, WiFi hotspot, 4G/5G tower, security CCTV, emergency call button, public announcement (PA) system, LED/LCD advertisement/information display, charging pile, payment kiosk, environmental monitoring, and more.
